DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A BARCODE-BASED STUDENT IDENTITY CARD SYSTEM FOR PREVENTING EXAMINATION IMPERSONATION IN NIGERIAN POLYTECHNICS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

An identity document is any document which may be used to verify aspects of a person’s personality. If issued in the form of a small, mostly standard –size card, it is usually called an identify card (IC). The ID card is processed with barcode. This serves both be encoded) and as a means of easy input to the computer when reading the card using a computer. The barcode therefore, when read, serves to reveal cheap importers who tampered with human –readable prints on the card act could moodily the codes accordingly. During examination, students are admitted into the examination venue to take the examination. Usually they are screened via 10 cards, which they posses. It is therefore important these cards be secured. Before students progress to the next academic level, or before a certificate is awarded to the student, he/she is assessed or examined in the field he/she has undertaken. Nnam and Inah (15) noted that examination is a yard stick against which students or candidates, competence and progress are formally measured and appraised in the education sector. According to Emaikwu (2012). Examination as part of academic evaluation is aimed at determining a learner’s level of acquired skills or intellectual competence and understanding of the content of a course after a given training. Examination is the common tool around which the entire process of education progression revolves, it is the instrument used to decide who is qualified to proceed to the next level of education. The examination impersonation in Nigeria is as old as the country herself. Examination impersonation was first reported in Nigeria in the year 1914, when an impersonator was caught writing exam for a student at senior Cambridge (Anzine, Onuka, Amoo and Uzoezie, 2014). Impersonation is a case where another candidate or hired mercenary sits for examination on behalf of the genuine candidate. It is a form of examination malpractice which is, perhaps, the worst. Examination malpractice is a cancer that is destroying the education factor (Oko, 2016).

This work therefore, is concerned with the development of a system that will reduce to the lowest minimum cases of the impersonation, during examination. It would use a unique feature of information coding, known as Barcode system.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana (formerly, the Federal Polytechnic, Unwana-Afikpo) was established in 1981 as the first federal polytechnic in South East Nigeria. In 1982, a foundation stone for a permanent site was laid at Unwana in Afikpo-North Local Government Area, Ebonyi State. In the same year the first class of student were admitted to pursue various programs leading to the award of National Diploma (ND) and Higher National Diploma (HND) in science engineering, and humanities (Otunta, 2009); Igwe Onu, 2014).

The Polytechnic operates the semester system. It operated a centralize examination administration system. In this system, the exams and records are responsible for reproducing question papers, providing answer scripts, drawing up of invigilation schedules and time tables and administration of the examination. The schools sets of examination rules and regulations are published in examination guidelines (students handbooks. The handbook are given to students during admission process to put them on the right pedestal for academic handwork. The sanction for malpractice in Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana ranges from expulsion, withdrawal, repeat to award of “F” depending on the gravity of the malpractice. Before the semester examination commences. The exams and records unit makes the invigilation and supervision schedules, space and time tables available.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

These are the problems which are encountered in the current system. The current system requires students to present their ID cards, to the invigilator who verifies their identity. The main problem of this system is the case of manipulation and forgery, due to it over dependence, on the sense of sight of the invigilator.

Moreover, a “look alike” can easily claim the identity of the owner.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this study are as follows

To create a system that is capable of tracking impersonators in the examination system using the methodology of barcode scanning.
To reduce the rate of corruption in the education sector and increase the rate of self confidence on students.
To demonstrate the possibility of computer technology in the satisfaction of human needs and also enforce strict security measures that ensure unregistered students do not white exams for other registered students.
To establish efficient means of tracking students with take ID-card.
To create a reliable database of students in Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, with unique features like passport photographs, registration numbers, year of expiry, Department, etc call in ID card) with barcode to secure the information.

1.4 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY

This research work would be unnecessary if it has no significance to humanity. Firstly, the newly designed system would make other higher institutions to see the need for creating a barcode on student ID-card.

Secondly, this would go a long way to improving academic performance. When students know that they can no longer hire imposters to write their exams for them, they would study hard to pass.

Lastly, the design of the system would provide jobs for system analysts and programmers contacted to build the system for other institutions. The use of the system could be extended to check out book from the library, and register to vote on student union matters

1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

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